Create, Consult, Control
News & commentary on intellectual property issues.
Nov102010 | Steve O'Donnell
Are my tweets copyrighted?
Twitter updates are probably not copyrightable. . . but could be.
Nov092009 | Steve O'Donnell
ReTweet for a chance to win and a chance for me to break a law
A typical Facebook or Twitter promotion is something like “become a fan (follow) and post this on your wall (ReTweet) for a chance to win something.” I get such requests almost daily and usually enter. Who doesn't like free stuff? If you're marketing your business online you've probably considered these sorts of promotions since they increase your pool of potential customers, but are they legal?
The answer to that question is far from clear. Such giveaways are dictated by state law, which means to be totally in the clear, you need to comply with the promotion laws of the whole US.
Although the language is often abused, most promotions fall into one of three categories: contests, sweepstakes and lotteries.
Contests require some skill or talent. Examples are American Idol and the bikini contest at your local bar; Sweepstakes are giveaways open to the public; lotteries require participants to provide some consideration to be entered (consideration is the lawyer term for providing some benefit to the other party, which itself, sounds like lawyer-speak, sorry). Generally, lotteries are highly regulated, while sweepstakes and contests are less regulated.
The possible problem with a “ReTweet” or “become a fan” promotion is that they require the participant to do something that benefits the promotor. Although it's not quite as obvious as requiring the purchase of a lottery ticket, it's still giving the promotor free advertising, which may make the promotion an illegal lottery.
Depending on how you look at it, the reason that lotteries are illegal are either protective of the state or protective of the people. On one hand, the state doesn't want to compete with other lotteries, on the other, the state is protecting its citizens from scam lotteries.
I know what you're thinking: “But Steve, Taco Bell and my church both run lotteries, why can't I?” In the case of a Taco Bell or similar promotion, they're really running a sweepstakes. Take a look at the official rules, there is always a way of obtaining a game piece without having to buy something. Since entry into those promotions is not based on the contestant providing consideration it's really a sweepstakes. Churches and other charitable organizations can often be cleared by the state to run a raffle.
In theory, a simple “ReTweet for a chance to win” post can subject you the the laws of all states, and possibly to the laws of all the countries of the world, which is probably a much deeper hole than you thought you were digging. Pragmatically speaking, the consideration given by becoming a fan of a Facebook page or ReTweeting a post is so small that it would take a very bored and motivated Attorney General to bring a case against you, but I know I wouldn't want to risk fighting a case in an out of state court if I could avoid it, and I imagine you don't want to either.
There are ways of lessening your possible exposure. Phrasing your promotion so it is either a sweepstakes or a contest is probably the best. Ways of doing that might include entering all fans (followers) that respond to a request for entries in a giveaway and asking them to please post on their wall (ReTweet), or choosing the winner based on the best slogan submission. You should also consider limiting the geographical reach of the promotion to lessen your exposure. These suggestions may not completely keep you in the clear, but they, or similar, should lessen your chance of getting into trouble.
Promotions of these types are very new and I'm not aware of any laws that specifically address them. In that case, being overly conservative is the best way of avoiding any problems.
This post, of course, does not address issues that exist with either the Facebook or Twitter terms of service, which may open up other cans of worms.
If you're running, or thinking of running an internet promotion, it's in your best interest to work with an attorney to make sure it's set up in a way to lessen your possible exposure.
Picture used under to the Creative Commons license.
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Comments
"By submitting, posting or displaying Content on or through the Services, you grant us a worldwide, non-exclusive, royalty-free license (with the right to sublicense) to use, copy, reproduce, process, adapt, modify, publish, transmit, display and distribute such Content in any and all media or distribution methods (now known or later developed)."
Followed by this "tip":
"Tip This license is you authorizing us to make your Tweets available to the rest of the world and to let others do the same. But what’s yours is yours – you own your content."
Its the "let others do the same" that I find the most interesting. If the "tip" is part of the terms, and not just a commentary on the terms, one possible interpretation is that Twitter is granting each user a sublicense under Twitter's license to reproduce each other user's tweets.
It's questionable if the TIP is part of the contract or not, my guess is that it isn't. If it is, I'd have to say that the second interpretation doesn't make sense because it conflicts with the "yours is yours" bit and because these "others" aren't party to the contract.
Aren't contracts fun?
is someone sends a RT on twitter. Steve did a whole lot of talking to compensate for not knowing her name. A simple answer to her question is, no. No (her name) you can not sue for copyright infringement if you are Re tweeted. That is what Twitter is. Tweet,
Re-tweet, Post, Reply and Quote, and the key principles of effectively networking of twitter. Now if someone is posing...you may be able to sue for statutory damages. I can tell you more, but, ill have to pull that lawyer stuff out and that will hit your pockets
harder than me posting facts to a bunch of posers. Twitter is more so for conversation. On a social network like Linkedin, that would be unacceptable, as the good doctor would say. I think she just wants to talk to him face to face. She could have direct message
him on twitter. She could have put him to the side and let Steve know she micro manages her Tweets. Please give her a heads up prior to RT'ing. Or should could unfollow him and wait to see if he even notices she's gone. Twitter is a soap opera at times. That's
what makes it function. You never know which tweet will make you smile and laugh, be concerned for someone or some shape, form or fashion, of entertainment, enlightenment, picture, or moment in life that you missed but can still share.